Vol.
2
N°1
(2022), GESTIONES
-
Revista Avanzada
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de Estudios Avanzados
ISSN: 3028-9408(En línea)
https://gestiones.pe/index.php/revista
Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
a
university)
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Model sociocritical and the management of activity
physics in education students of a University
Randall Jesus Seminar Unzueta 1 : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-6716
Patricia Marlene Pérez García 1 : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-126X
Ronny Saul Micha Aponte 2 *: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2431-4034
Zoila Ayvar Bazán 1 : https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-585X
1 University Cease Vallejo, School of Postgraduate, Peru
2 University Catholic of Trujillo Benedict XVI, Peru
*Contact for the correspondence: rmichaaponte@gmail.com
Received: 09/30/2022 Accepted: 10/29/2022 Published: 11/27/2022
Abstract:
The study adopted a
quantitative, non-experimental and correlational approach, with a sample of 35 students
selected in a non-probabilistic manner. Validated questionnaires were used to measure the sociocritical model and the
activity
physics,
with
a
reliability
proven
through
he
coefficient
Alpha
of
Cronbach.
The
tools
consisted of a questionnaire from
the sociocritical model, validated by experts, and a questionnaire adapted from the WHO GPAQ to measure
the activity
physics. The analysis of data HE performed through the coefficient of Rho correlation Spearman's in he SPSS software.
The results They showed correlations positive, direct and significant, highlighting a strong relationship between
physical
activity
and free time (Rho = 0.934), suggesting that
Physical activity predicts free time by more than 50%
of certainty. The
sociocritical model applied in physical education promotes both motor development and critical reflection
on
well
-being
and
the social
context
.
Keywords:
sociocritical
model, management, physical activity, education
Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
to
university.
Abstract:
The study adopted a quantitative, non-experimental and correlational approach, with a sample of 35 students
selected in a non-probabilistic manner. Validated questionnaires were used
to measure the sociocritical model and physical
activity, with reliability tested by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The instruments consisted of a sociocritical model questio nnaire,
validated by experts, and a questionnaire adapted from the WHO GPAQ to measure physical activity. Data analysis was
performed using Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient in SPSS software. The results showed positive, direct and significant
correlations, highlighting a strong relationship between physical activity and leisure time (Rho = 0.934), suggesting that physical
activity predicts leisure time with more than 50% certainty. The sociocritical model applied in physical education favors bot h
motor development and critical reflection on well-being and social context.
Key
words:
sociocritical
model,
management,
physical
activity,
education.
Model
sociocritical
and
to
management
gives
activity
physics
in
students
of
education
in
one
university.
Summary:
The study adopted a quantitative, non-experimental and correlational approach, with a sample of 35 students
selected in a non-probabilistic manner. Foram used validated questionnaires to measure the socio-critical model of
physical activity, with reliability tested by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The instruments consist of a socio-critical model
questionnaire validated by specialists and a questionnaire adapted from the WHO GPAQ to measure physical activity.
TO
analysis two dice was performed wearing either coefficient of correlation Spearman's Rho No software SPSS. You
results
show positive correlations,
direct and significant, highlighting a strong relationship between physical activity and lazer
time (Rho = 0.934), suggesting that physical activity predicts lazer time with more than 50% certainty. The socio-critical model
applied in physical education favors both motor development and critical reflection on the well-being of the
social context.
Keywords:
model
sociocritical,
management,
activity
physics,
education.
Vol.
2
N°1
(2022), GESTIONES
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Revista Avanzada
© Investigación
de Estudios Avanzados
ISSN: 3028-9408(En línea)
https://gestiones.pe/index.php/revista
Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
a
university)
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I. Introduction:
The approaches pedagogical they have evolved in answer to the demands of the context educational and
current social. The sociocritical model, derived from critical pedagogy, has been highlighted for
promoting critical reflection and the integral development of students (Freire, 1997). In the field of
physical education, this approach is not only aimed at improving motor skills, but also at inciting
critical awareness about the impact of social and economic factors on physical well-being (Giroux,
2004; Díaz-Romero, 2015).
Research such as that of Tueros (2020) highlights that the implementation of socio-critical approaches
in workshops educational No only improvement he performance academic, but that also strengthens the
writing and critical thinking in students. For his part, Huallpa (2021) highlights that teacher training
low this model promotes skills social clue for a teaching effective. Are Ideas reinforce the importance
of the sociocritical model in diverse educational contexts, including its application in physical activity.
The management in contexts educational and of health, particularly in areas as the psychomotor skills,
highlights the importance of integrating multidimensional approaches to promote the comprehensive
development of students. According to Mendizábal Antícona et al. (2022), the COVID-19 pandemic
left significant lessons about the correlation between motor creativity and satisfaction in the physical
environment, underlining the critical role of proper management in psychomotor development.
Ignoring these aspects can result in high social costs, especially in vulnerable contexts.
This study focuses on the influence of the sociocritical model on the physical activity of high school
students. a university Peruvian, searching identify Yeah this approach can promote changes positives
in their physical activity habits.
The information mentioned is aligned with the Research Objective: To determine the level of
correlation between dimensions of the Socio-critical model with the management of physical activity
1.1. Theoretical Framework :
Fundamentals of the Critical Pedagogy
Critical pedagogy maintains that the Education must empower students to be agents of social change.
This approach, supported by authors such as Freire (1997) and Giroux (2004), suggests that students
should be actively involved in their learning, developing skills to question and transform their
environment. In the field of physical education, the sociocritical model promotes critical reflection on
physical activity as a means of resistance to a sedentary lifestyle and as a tool for comprehensive well-
being (Flórez Ochoa, 1994; Artigas et al., 2017).
Fundamental Theories of the Sociocritical Model .
He model sociocritical HE base in three Key theories :
Critical Theory of Society: This approach, influenced by the Frankfurt School, considers that
Education should enable students to critically analyze social structures.
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Revista Avanzada
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Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
a
university)
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Theory of the Autonomy: Proposal by Freire (1997), raises that the students must take informed
decisions about their health and well-being.
Theory of the Awareness Criticism: This theory holds that the students must be capable of question and
act on oppressive conditions in their environment.
Application of the Model Sociocritical in the Education Physics
In a university Peruvian a subject determined, incorporated he model sociocritical, allowing students to
reflect on physical activity in their daily lives. Teachers act as facilitators, promoting discussions on
how social factors influence physical health, thus encouraging critical and reflective learning (Moya et
al., 2017; Rodríguez, 2022); from whose information the following dimensions emerge: Intellectual
work, mobility or displacement of the person and free time
Management in he Context Educational and the Physical Activity
Educational management is understood as the set of organizational and administrative processes that
seek to optimize the resources available in educational institutions to achieve academic and training
objectives. In the context of the sociocritical model, management not only involves planning of
physical activities, but also the incorporation of critical approaches that promote reflection and the
comprehensive development of students (Gairín, 2013).
Physical activity management requires a comprehensive approach that combines pedagogical and
administrative elements. According to Murillo (2010), effective management in physical education
should:
Design programs that are consistent with educational objectives and student needs. Promote an
institutional culture that values physical activity as an essential component of student well-being .
Assess continuously the results for adjust strategies and maximize he impact of learning.
Relationship between Management and he Sociocritical Model
Management based on the socio-critical model involves strategic planning that prioritizes critical
reflection and equity in access to educational resources. For example, Artigas et al. (2017) argue that
management tools should be designed under a critical approach, allowing students to actively
participate in the creation of their own learning process.
In terms of activity physics, this HE translate in:
The creation of programs that include activities reflective about the effects of the sedentary
lifestyle and the benefits of an active lifestyle.
The integration of methodologies participatory that allow to the students be co-managers of
their physical learning experiences.
Management Criticism for the Transformation Educational
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Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
a
university)
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The sociocritical model is complemented by a transformative management approach, which seeks to
generate a significant change in students' perception of physical activity. According to Rodríguez
(2022), this guy of management promotes the autonomy, he thought critical and he commitment social
in students, key elements for their comprehensive development.
Implications Internships of the Management in Activity Physics
Planning Strategic: Design programs educational that combine skills physical with reflective activities,
promoting critical thinking.
Teacher Training: Train teachers in critical management approaches to ensure effective
implementation of the socio-critical model.
Assessment and Monitoring: Implement systems of follow-up for measure he impact of the physical
activities in student well-being and learning.
II. Methodology
The study follows a quantitative, non-experimental and correlational approach. The sample included
35 students of a university Peruvian, selected by convenience of manner No probabilistic. Validated
questionnaires were used to measure both the sociocritical model and physical activity, although pilot
studies were carried out to determine reliability, with results in all cases greater than 0.80 determined
by Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Tools:
Questionnaire of the model sociocritical: Validated by experts, with high reliability.
Questionnaire of activity physics: Adapted of the Questionnaire World of Activity Physics (GPAQ) of
WHO .
He analysis of data HE performed in he software SPSS, applying he coefficient of correlation Rho
Spearman 's .
III. Results:
The findings of the study indicate a correlation significant between he model sociocritical and the different
dimensions of physical activity. The results are summarized in the following Table:
Table 1 . Relations between dimensions of the model sociocritical with the management of activity
physics
Dimension of Activity Physics
Coefficient of
Correlation (Rho)
Level of
Significance
Coefficient of
Determination (R²)
Physical Activity Work Related
0.785
0.008
0.612
Activity Physics Related with
he Displacement
0.781
0.004
0.598
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Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
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Dimension of Activity Physics
Coefficient of
Correlation (Rho)
Level of
Significance
Coefficient of
Determination (R²)
Physical Activity Related to
Leisure Time
0.934
0.000
0.783
Fountain: Elaboration in function to the data collected.
Interpretation: In Table 1 it can be observed that all correlations are positive, direct and significant;
the highest level of correlation between: Physical Activity Related to Free Time, with a high Rho
correlation of 0.934 was also significant at 0.000 and R 2 coefficient of 0.783 (i.e. Physical Activity
predicts Free Time with more than 50% certainty); the other two correlations perceived in Table 1 are
also high and have approximately the same value between them (0.78)
IV. Discussion
These results are in line with previous research showing the positive impact of the sociocritical model
on students' physical activity and critical development (Tueros, 2020; Huallpa, 2021). The correlation
positive between he model and the various dimensions of the activity physics highlights the
effectiveness of the approach in promoting healthy habits. The findings suggest that this model does
not only improvement he academic performance, but It also promotes a style active lifestyle,
mitigating sedentary lifestyle.
According to Tueros (2020), workshops with a socio-critical approach significantly improve academic
performance. and the skills of reflection criticism. Others studies, as the of Chavez Taipe and to the.
(2022) focuses on the relationship between recreational activities and job performance in the
educational field. Compared to the text, their research highlights a significant positive correlation
between recreational activities and job performance in the educational field. recreational and he job
performance, similar to the correlation strong found in he The aforementioned study on physical
activity and free time. Both approaches highlight how variables related to free time significantly
influence the performance and well-being of individuals; considering the importance of also
developing research skills to promote interest in the study García, PP (2017)
The study is also linked to the research of Rojas Fernández (2021) addresses administrative
management and the practice teaching, with a approach in the institutions educational public. His
Analysis of administrative correlations is parallel to the study that mentions the high correlations
between physical activity and free time. Both studies suggest that proper management of resources,
whether in recreational activities or in teaching practices, has a significant impact on the productivity
or well-being of those involved, highlighting the importance of optimizing time and resources;
likewise, with the studies by Alcas Zapata et al. (2021) on public management for health emergencies,
it underlines the importance of planning and the use of technological tools such as intelligence.
artificial. TO difference of the text that mentions the activity physics as prediction of the leisure, he job
of Alcas Zapata and al.(2021) highlights as the management efficient, with support of the technology,
can better predict and manage emergencies, showing another form of significant correlation, this time
in the field of public health.
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By your part Cajan Villanueva and to the. (2021) explore metadata, he system of health and the
pension schemes in the context of Covid-19; although your approach It is more specific in the sector of
health and pensions, the idea of correlation is also applied in their study. Like physical activity and
leisure time in the first text, health metadata and systems have strong predictive relationships, which
underlines the importance of managing data effectively to improve systems and outcomes, both in
health and in other contexts.
The inclusion of the sociocritical model in physical activity aligns with the findings of Mendizábal
Antícona et al. (2022), who highlight that creativity and effective management of educational
resources are essential to maximizing post-pandemic learning. This approach complements the need
for reflective programs that not only develop motor skills, but also promote emotional and social well-
being.
The sociocritical model highlights how social and economic barriers affect access to essential
resources, such as medical care and physical activity; even organized and systematic physical activity
can prevent cases of oncology, it is suggested that policies should prioritize access equitable to the care
and resources necessary, it that also can apply to the management of Physical activity in universities,
creating spaces that promote health for all students, without distinction of his situation social either
economic (Commission on Cancer, 2020). The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative emphasizes the
need of improve the services of health to through of practices based in the quality. To the adopt this
approach inside of the model sociocritical, the universities They can reflect on how their institutional
structures affect student participation in activities physical, making sure of that HE address the barriers
that they can limit he access of certain groups to these healthy practices (American Society of Clinical
Oncology, 2020).
Kayser et al.’s (2020) analysis highlights how structural barriers can affect the quality of psychosocial
care in oncology programs. A sociocritical approach suggests that in higher education, especially in
physical activities, it is crucial to identify and eliminate social barriers that prevent equitable access to
healthy programs for all students.
Henderson et al. (2019) highlight that team-based approaches can significantly improve the quality of
care in the context of palliative care. This approach could also be applied to the management of
physical activities in universities, promoting collaboration between diverse professionals to design
inclusive and accessible programs for all students.
Wells-Di Gregorio (2020) highlights the importance of developing service models that not only offer
physical care, but also emotional well-being, something that could be applied to university activity
programs. physics, creating a comprehensive approach that promotes so much health physical and
mental well-being of students.
Pedron et al. (2019) highlight how chronic health conditions, such as diabetes, affect participation in
he market labor. In he context university, a model sociocritical could imply that physical activity
programs are designed that consider these limitations and offer support so that all the students,
included those with conditions of health, can participate fully in physical activities.
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Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
(Socio-critical
model
and
the
management
of
physical
activity
in
education
students
at
a
university)
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According to Reuters (2020), the post-pandemic global economic recovery will be a long process,
which could affect students' ability to access health and wellness resources, including physical activity.
physics. He model sociocritical suggests that the universities must tackle are economic inequalities to
through of policies that guarantee he access equitable to programs of activity physics for all students.
Sasso and Ritzen (2019) examine the relationship between cognitive skills and productivity, which
could be applied to how universities can integrate physical activity into educational programs,
promoting a comprehensive approach that also enhances students' cognitive skills through physical
exercise.
Santesmases (2021) analyses how physical education contents can be integrated transversally into
university curricula. Applying a socio-critical approach, it could be suggested that physical education
physics has to include a consideration of the inequalities social and economic that limit the
participation of certain groups of students, and propose inclusive solutions that promote the physical
and emotional well-being of all.
V. Conclusions
The socio-critical model, applied in the educational field, has proven to be an effective tool linked to
physical activity, promoting not only motor skills, but also critical reflection on the relationship
between movement, well-being and social context. This approach allows students to take an active role
in their learning, developing key skills such as autonomy and responsible decision-making, aligned
with contemporary challenges in education.
The incorporation of educational management strategies that favor this model amplifies its benefits,
creating spaces where physical activity is addressed in a comprehensive manner. The evidence
obtained in this study supports that effective management can enhance the impact of the sociocritical
model, optimizing resources and connecting pedagogical experiences with the formation of critical and
conscious citizens.
In he post-pandemic context, these initiatives become even more relevant, given that integrate
physical, mental and social health in a critical learning framework. It is crucial to explore new
applications of the model in various disciplines and educational contexts to maximize its reach and
impact, as well as to evaluate its long-term effects on students and their communities. This approach
has the potential to be a fundamental pillar for the transformation of education towards more inclusive,
reflective and integral development-oriented models.
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Vol.
2
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(2022), GESTIONES
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de Estudios Avanzados
ISSN: 3028-9408(En línea)
https://gestiones.pe/index.php/revista
Modelo sociocrítico y la gestión de actividad física en
estudiantes de educación de una Universidad
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Conflict of of interests : The authors declare that No have none conflict of interests.
Contributions of the co-authors : All the co-authors they have contributed to this article.
Financing of the investigation : With resources own.
Statement of interests: He author declares that No has none conflict of interests that can have
influenced the results obtained or the interpretations proposed.
Statement of consent reported: The study HE done of accordance with he Code of Ethics and good
editorial practices for publication.
Usability: This text is under Creative Commons license Attribution
4.0 International (DC BY 4.0). You is free of share, copy and redistribute he material in
any medium or format and adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any end, even
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